Mood disorders are conditions that affect how a person feels emotionally. They can make someone experience extreme highs (mania) or extreme lows (depression) in their mood, or sometimes a mix of both. These conditions can interfere with daily life and relationships. Common types include depression, bipolar disorder, and certain forms of anxiety. Treatment often involves therapy, medication, or a combination of both, and with proper support, many people can manage their symptoms and lead fulfilling lives.

• Changes in Mood:Noticeable shifts in mood, such as feeling unusually sad, hopeless, or excessively happy for no apparent reason.
Changes in Energy Levels: Feeling unusually tired or lacking energy, or conversely, feeling unusually restless or hyperactive.
• Distorted Body Image:Notice if someone expresses dissatisfaction with their body shape or size, even if they appear thin or average weight. They may focus on perceived flaws and express a strong desire to lose weight.
• Changes in Sleep Patterns: Experiencing significant changes in sleep patterns, such as sleeping too much or too little, or having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep.
• Changes in Appearance: Watch for physical changes like weight loss or gain, changes in body shape, or signs of malnutrition, such as brittle hair and nails, dry skin, or feeling constantly cold.
• Changes in Appetite or Weight: Significant changes in appetite or weight, such as eating much more or much less than usual, which can lead to weight gain or weight loss.
• Difficulty Concentrating: Finding it hard to focus, make decisions, or remember things, which can affect work, school, or daily tasks.
• Loss of Interest: Losing interest in activities or hobbies that were once enjoyable, or withdrawing from social interactions and relationships.
• Physical Symptoms: Experiencing unexplained physical symptoms like headaches, stomachaches, or other bodily discomforts that don't have a clear cause.
• Irritability or Agitation: Feeling easily irritated, agitated, or restless, even over small things.

1. Mood Disorders:
• Feeling sad, hopeless, or losing interest in activities.
• Experiencing extreme mood swings between highs (mania) and lows (depression).
2. Anxiety Disorders:
   • Feeling anxious or worried most of the time, even without a specific reason.
   • Sudden, intense periods of fear or panic attacks.
3. Psychotic Disorders:
   • Experiencing hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that aren't there) and delusions (believing in things that aren't true).
   • Having sudden episodes of psychotic symptoms, often triggered by stress.
4. Personality Disorders:
   • Difficulty regulating emotions, unstable relationships, and impulsive behaviors.
   • Disregard for others' rights and feelings, and a tendency towards deceitfulness and aggression.

1. Biological Factors: These involve differences or imbalances in brain chemistry or genetics.
   Mental disorders can sometimes run in families, suggesting a genetic predisposition.
   Imbalances in certain brain chemicals (neurotransmitters) like serotonin or dopamine can contribute to mental health issues.
2. Environmental Factors: These are external influences that can impact mental health.
   Experiencing trauma, such as abuse, violence, or significant life changes, can increase the risk of developing a mental disorder.
   Adverse experiences during childhood, such as neglect or loss of a parent, can affect mental health later in life.
3. Social Factors: These involve the influence of social and cultural environments.
   Lack of supportive relationships or social isolation can contribute to mental health problems.
   Poverty, discrimination, or living in challenging environments can increase the likelihood of mental disorders.
4. Substance Abuse: Misuse of drugs or alcohol can both be a cause and a consequence of mental health issues. Substance abuse can disrupt brain function and worsen symptoms of existing mental disorders.
5. Physical Health Conditions: Certain physical health problems or chronic illnesses can also impact mental well-being. For example, chronic pain, hormonal imbalances, or neurological conditions may contribute to mental health issues.